Posted: March 28th, 2023

Europe Vocabulary

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Fjord
answer
A long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between steep slopes.
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Peat
answer
Partially decayed plant matter found in bogs.
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Massif Central
answer
The uplands of France, which account for about one-sixth of French lands.
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North Atlantic Drift
answer
A current of warm water from the ​ ​Tropics.
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Sirocco
answer
A hot, steady south wind that blows from North Africa across the Mediterranean Sea into southern Europe, mostly in spring.
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Mistral
answer
A cold, dry wind from the north.
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Dike
answer
An earthen bank used to direct or prevent the passage of water.
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Polder
answer
Land that is reclaimed from the sea or other body of water by diking and drainage.
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Seaworks
answer
Structure used to control the sea’s destructive impact on human life.
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Terpen
answer
High earthen platforms used in seaworks.
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Zuider Zee
answer
Former inlet of the North Sea in the Netherlands.
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Ijsselmeer
answer
A freshwater lake separated from the North Sea by a dike and bordered by polders.
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Roman Catholicism
answer
Major branch of Christianity, centered in Rome.
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Renaissance
answer
A time of renewed interest in learning and the arts that lasted from the 14th through 16th centuries; it began in the Italian city-states and spread north to all of Europe.
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Eastern Orthodoxy
answer
Major branch of Christianity, also called Greek Orthodoxy.
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Christianity
answer
Religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth.
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Crusades
answer
A series of wars launched by European Christians in 1096 to capture the Holy Land (Palestine) from Muslims.
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Reformation
answer
A movement in Western Europe beginning in 1517, when many Christians broke away from the Catholic Church and started Protestant churches; this led to mutual hostility and religious wars that tore apart Europe.
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Protestant
answer
Major branch of Christianity, which began during the Reformation with protests against practices of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Berlin Wall
answer
A wall erected by East Germany in 1961 to cut the ​​​​capital of Berlin in two, and later dismantled in 1989.
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Holocaust
answer
The Nazi program of mass murder of European Jews during World War II.
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Euro
answer
A common currency proposed by the European Union for its member nations.
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Parliament
answer
A representative lawmaking body whose members are elected or appointed and in which legislative and executive functions are combined.
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Nordic Countries
answer
Countries of northern Europe, including Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.
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Balkanization
answer
The process of breaking up a region into small, ​​​​mutually hostile units.
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Anti-Semitism
answer
Discrimination against Jewish people.
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Satellite Nation
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A nation dominated by another country.
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Market Economy
answer
A type of economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by the demand from consumers. Also called a demand economy or capitalism.
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question
Fjord
answer
A long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between steep slopes.
question
Peat
answer
Partially decayed plant matter found in bogs.
question
Massif Central
answer
The uplands of France, which account for about one-sixth of French lands.
question
North Atlantic Drift
answer
A current of warm water from the ​ ​Tropics.
question
Sirocco
answer
A hot, steady south wind that blows from North Africa across the Mediterranean Sea into southern Europe, mostly in spring.
question
Mistral
answer
A cold, dry wind from the north.
question
Dike
answer
An earthen bank used to direct or prevent the passage of water.
question
Polder
answer
Land that is reclaimed from the sea or other body of water by diking and drainage.
question
Seaworks
answer
Structure used to control the sea’s destructive impact on human life.
question
Terpen
answer
High earthen platforms used in seaworks.
question
Zuider Zee
answer
Former inlet of the North Sea in the Netherlands.
question
Ijsselmeer
answer
A freshwater lake separated from the North Sea by a dike and bordered by polders.
question
Roman Catholicism
answer
Major branch of Christianity, centered in Rome.
question
Renaissance
answer
A time of renewed interest in learning and the arts that lasted from the 14th through 16th centuries; it began in the Italian city-states and spread north to all of Europe.
question
Eastern Orthodoxy
answer
Major branch of Christianity, also called Greek Orthodoxy.
question
Christianity
answer
Religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth.
question
Crusades
answer
A series of wars launched by European Christians in 1096 to capture the Holy Land (Palestine) from Muslims.
question
Reformation
answer
A movement in Western Europe beginning in 1517, when many Christians broke away from the Catholic Church and started Protestant churches; this led to mutual hostility and religious wars that tore apart Europe.
question
Protestant
answer
Major branch of Christianity, which began during the Reformation with protests against practices of the Roman Catholic Church.
question
Berlin Wall
answer
A wall erected by East Germany in 1961 to cut the ​​​​capital of Berlin in two, and later dismantled in 1989.
question
Holocaust
answer
The Nazi program of mass murder of European Jews during World War II.
question
Euro
answer
A common currency proposed by the European Union for its member nations.
question
Parliament
answer
A representative lawmaking body whose members are elected or appointed and in which legislative and executive functions are combined.
question
Nordic Countries
answer
Countries of northern Europe, including Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.
question
Balkanization
answer
The process of breaking up a region into small, ​​​​mutually hostile units.
question
Anti-Semitism
answer
Discrimination against Jewish people.
question
Satellite Nation
answer
A nation dominated by another country.
question
Market Economy
answer
A type of economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by the demand from consumers. Also called a demand economy or capitalism.

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