Posted: March 28th, 2023
Industry and Energy – Industrial Areas
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hearth of modern industry
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northern England and southern Scotland during the second half of the 18th century – diffused to Europe and North America in 19th century and other regions in 20th century
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the Industrial Revolution
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a series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods
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cottage industry
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home-based manufacturing before the industrial revolution
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technology
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the catalyst of the industrial revolution
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steam engine
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invention most important to the development of factories
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James Watt
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patented the steam engine in 1769 in Glasgow, Scotland
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Richard Arkwright
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a barber and wigmaker in Preston, England; in 1768 invented machines to untangle cotton prior to spinning
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John Roebuck and Samuel Garbett
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established a factory in 1746 to bleach cotton with sulfuric acid obtained from burning coal
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Nicolas Appert
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a French confectioner, in 1810 canned food in glass bottle sterilized in boiling water
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UK
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steel and textiles, new high-tech industries
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Mid-Rhine
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high-value goods
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NE Spain
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textile industry and country's largest motor vehicle plant
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Po Basin
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textile center, uses hydroelectric power from the Alps
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Silesia
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most rapidly growing in 21st century, skilled but low paid workforce
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Donetsk
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one of the world's largest coal reserves
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Moscow
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Russia's oldest industrial region
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Volga
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Russia's largest petroleum and natural gas fields
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St. Petersburg
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Russia's 2nd largest city, shipbuilding
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Urals
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world's most varied collection of minerals
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Kuznetsk
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Russia's most important manufacturing district east of the Urals, country's largest coal reserves and lots of iron
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Rhine-Ruhr Valley
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center of iron and steel manufacturing, contains Rotterdam: Europe's largest port
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SE Ontario
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Canada's most important industrial area
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N California
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leading center for social media, biotech, software, and electronic devices
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S California
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country's largest area for textiles, 2nd largest for furniture, and major food processing center
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W Great Lakes
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center of nation's transportation network and steel production
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Pittsburgh - Lake Eerie
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leading steel producing area in the 19th century because of proximity to Appalachian coal and iron
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Mid Atlantic
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largest US markets, attracts industries that need proximity to lots of customers and depend on foreign trade
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New England
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cotton textile center in 19th century
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Mohawk Valley
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uses inexpensive electricity generated at Niagra Falls
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China
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world's largest supply of low-cost labor and world's largest market for consumer products
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Japan
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initially produced goods sold in large quantities at cut-rate prices to other countries, now manufacture high quality electronics
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South Korea
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focuses on export-oriented manufacturers, leading producer of oceangoing ships
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